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KMID : 1011120210140030089
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Bioethics Policy Studies
2021 Volume.14 No. 3 p.89 ~ p.112
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Proposed Amendments to the National Law on Genetic Therapy Research in Human Reproductive Cells
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Park Soo-Kyung
Lee Na-Eun
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Abstract
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As part of the discussion on human reproductive cell gene therapy research, this paper examines the main contents of the NIH guidelines for gene therapy research in the U.S. and the HHGE guidelines published by the American Academy of Medicine in April 2019. The NIH guidelines and the HHGE guidelines are not legal-level, but simple comparisons are difficult, but nevertheless, I believe that the analysis of these relevant US guidelines is meaningful. It’s meaningful to look at how the U.S. approaches human reproductive cell gene therapy because it’s one of the most advanced countries in gene therapy research, and many of its treatments are developed and produced in the U.S. In Korea, the Bioethics Act deals with genetic therapy and research, and the current Bioethics Act will be revised in December 2021 to ease the requirements for genetic therapy research to enable more diverse genetic therapy research in Korea. In addition, the Advanced Regeneration Bio Act, which took effect in September 2020, deals with the overall research on gene therapy, so I think reviewing the two laws together will help us understand the attitude of domestic laws on human reproductive cell gene therapy research. In conclusion, in order to revitalize the gene therapy research ecosystem in line with the global trend, the U.S. NIH guidelines should be applied to domestic laws, and human reproductive cell genetic therapy studies should be classified as RG3 or RG4 studies. It also argues that the HHGE guidelines should introduce locally supervised governance to prevent potential risks and supplement explicit provisions that the conduct of ELSI research, including ethical, legal and social review and social publicization procedures, should be sufficient for long periods of time.
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KEYWORD
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Human Reproductive Cell Genetic Therapy Research, NIH guidelines, Risk Group, ELSI study
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